↑ Holmes, ed. (2009). The Oxford Companion to Military History, p. 2.
↑ Originally formed in 1866, the early manifestation of the Prussian Abwehr predates the modern German state and was created to collect intelligence information for the Prussian government during a war with neighboring Austria. See: Lerner & Lerner, eds. (2004). Encyclopedia of Espionage, Intelligence, and Security, vol. 1, A-E, p. 2.
↑ In particular, the British and the French were vehemently opposed to Germany having any form of intelligence services and attempted to institute as many restrictions as possible on the Abwehr. See: Paine (1984). German Military Intelligence in World War II: The Abwehr, p. 7.
↑ The term Abwehr is German for 'ward-off' and was chosen to emphasize the defensive character of this department of the Reichswehr Ministry following the First World War. See: Zentner & Bedürftig, eds, (1991). The Encyclopedia of the Third Reich vol. 1, p. 2.
↑ Dear, ed. (1995). The Oxford Guide to World War II, p. 1.
↑ Rein (2013). The Kings and the Pawns: Collaboration in Byelorussia during World War II, p. 407.
↑ Taylor & Shaw (2002). Dictionary of the Third Reich, p. 11.
↑ Taylor (1995)[1952]. Sword and Swastika: Generals and Nazis in the Third Reich, p. 165.
↑ The OKW did not establish an Intelligence Branch in its Operations Staff until 1943, and, when it did, it only consisted of three officers.
Bài viết chủ đề Đức này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
